JADE Tutorial and Primer 是一个绝好的学习JADE的网站，文章讲解地简单明了，很适合初学者学习。下面是本人在学习过程中根据个人理解的知识摘要。
JADE Agents are defined as subclasses of the predefined class Agent and their initial code must be placed in a method called setup.
Agents are a bit like Java Applets in that they can’t be executed directly; they must execute within a larger program which provides the necessary services. In the case of Applets, a browser or an Applet viewer is needed; for Jade agents the environment is provided by the class jade.Boot which finds which Agents to run from command line parameters.
Jade environments are called containers. Typically, in a multi-agent application, there will be several containers (with agents) running on different machines. The first container started must be a main container which maintains a central registry of all the others so that agents can discover and interact with each other.
Agent actions are normally specified through Behaviour classes. More exactly, the actions are described in the “action” method of these Behaviours. The setup method only serves to create instances of these behaviours and linking them to the Agent object.
A last point is the provision of a mechanism to terminate the behaviour. In Jade, as long as a behaviour is not “done“, its action method will be called repeatedly after every event – such as receipt of a message or expiry of a timer delay.
Agent Parameters: the parameters are placed in a list seperated by spaces after the “name:class” agent specifier. For example: fred:ParamAgent(3 “Hi there”). In Jade, the arguments are obtained by calling the method getArguments which returns an array of Objects which must be cast to Strings Reversing single and double quotes can give surprising results.
为了实现Agent的并行，可以借助Java的线程机制。但是Java的线程不适合大规模的并行。所以，jade使用behaviour实现并行。
A behaviour is basically an Event Handler, a method which describes how an agent reacts to an event. In Jade, Behaviours are classes and the Event Handler code is placed in a method called action.
In JADE, messages adhere strictly to the ACL (Agent Communication Language) standard which allows several possibilities for the encoding of the actual content. In particular, Jade supports FIPA’s SL (Semantic Language), a LISP-like encoding of concepts, actions andpredicates. It also allows the content to be serialized Java objects.
Our message uses the most common performative: INFORM whereby one agent gives another some useful information. Other types are: QUERY to ask a question, REQUEST to ask the other to do something and PROPOSE to start bargaining. Performatives for answers include AGREE or REFUSE.
We use addReceiver because there is no setReceiver method.
Note that, if you don’t call block(), your behaviour will stay active and cause a LOOP. Generally all action methods should end with a call to block() or invoke it before doing return.
the CyclicBehaviour, which stays active as long as its agent is alive. by using CyclicBehaviour, we don’t need to specify done.
To simplify answering, Jade provides a method createReply() which creates a new message with the sender and receiver attributes switched and all other attributes set correctly. Generally, only the content and performative have to be modified before sending it back.
For agents to interact usefully in open systems, it is imperative that they use the same language conventions and the same vocabulary. The DF entries thus concentrate on listing the ontologies, protocols and languages which are supported by the agents. Additionally, entries have sets of services which are characterized by aname and name-value properties as well as the ontology/language/protocol conventions they support
Each agent is allowed only ONE entry in the DF. Attempts to register an agent already in the DF gives an Exception.
the WakerBehaviour，its delay is computed from the time the behaviour iscreated.
一定要区别好Behavours Created和Started.
The key to implementation of interaction protocols is to assign to each conversation a unique identifier, the conversationID (CID).